COVID Strikes Back?

BY STEVEN WILLING – JULY 24, 2020

By Steven Willing

Just when America looked like it had turned a corner, COVID has seemingly returned with a vengeance. Most of the recent media attention has focused on rising infection rates in Florida, Texas, Arizona, and California. Three of those four (FL, TX, and CA) top the list of most populous states, so their raw case numbers should be no surprise. The fourth most populous state is New York, which (second only to New Jersey) leads not just the US but the entire world in accumulated per capita infections and mortality. Understanding the COVID “comeback” helps us offer an informed, compassionate response.

What’s Going On?

According to the New York Times, on July 23 cases were on the rise in 39 states, Washington, DC, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands. They are mostly steady in nine states and Guam, including the hardest hit states of NY, NJ, and Connecticut. Cases are declining in Delaware and, surprisingly, Arizona. “Record” total case counts should not be taken too literally. Testing was so scarce in the early stages we have no idea what the actual counts should have been in March and April. Increasing hospital admissions confirm that COVID cases have increased in a few populous regions, so the rising cases most plausibly reflect both increased testing and regional upswings.

I have been blogging about the COVID crisis periodically this year, addressing some of the epidemiological and policy factors but the spiritual dimensions as well. On May 25, as cases were winding down and shutdown policies were loosening, I predicted “a continued slow burn with occasional spikes in densely populated regions or should mass gatherings resume.” That indeed seems to be what we are presently witnessing.

The concept of “flattening the curve” that figured prominently in the national discourse was based on the work of the Department of Epidemiology at the Harvard School of Public Health. Their strategic analysis was published in Science in May of this year.1 An implicit, if flawed, assumption was that this analysis would describe the whole nation. Each state and US territory started from different phases of the outbreak and employed different policies; thus, there was never one curve, but more than fifty. Indeed, different states exhibited radically different trajectories in the months following the initial March lockdowns.

The Curves Took Many Shapes

New York mostly failed to flatten the curve. It saw a massive spike in infections and deaths, followed by a continuous decline to now very low levels. New cases, hospitalizations, and deaths in New York City have dropped to almost nothing. This follows the pattern seen in the worst-affected nations, including Belgium, the United Kingdom, Sweden, Italy, Spain, and France. New Jersey flattened it only slightly. Both NY and NJ suffered per-capita fatality rates double that of Belgium and triple that of Sweden. Here we see the infection curve for New York:

Some states, however, did flatten the curve. For example, Illinois, Indiana, and Maryland saw moderate infection rates spread out over many weeks. Most of them now have steadily declining fatality rates:

Many states totally squashed the curve. Instead of spreading out the cases over time, their shutdowns had the unfortunate consequence of merely pushing the curve, and hence the crisis, forward in time. Until mid-June, FL, TX, AZ, and CA had infection rates far below the national averages. Entering the last third of July, their per capita fatality rates remain below the national average, and less than one-third the death rates of NY and NJ. The Harvard study predicted this problem:

Strong, temporary social distancing can lead to especially large resurgences . . . Under all scenarios, there was a resurgence of infection when the simulated social distancing measures were lifted. However, longer and more stringent temporary social distancing did not always correlate with greater reductions in pandemic peak size.2

The curve in the graph below aptly illustrates how the impact of social distancing in Florida was to push the curve into late June and July.

Even though this outcome was predicted, many commentators are blaming these surges on reopening “too quickly.” No one could deny that reopenings could have been handled differently, just as the initial lockdowns could have been handled differently. The nationwide situation is highly fluid and changes quickly. Among the resurgent states, Arizona peaked in the first week of July and new cases are sloping downward. Texas may have peaked as of the second week of July. Florida and California remain on a gentle upslope.

Containing the Virus Is Unrealistic

The SARS-CoV-2 virus is incredibly infectious and easily spread by asymptomatic victims. A recently discovered variant that has become dominant may be even more infectious, though not more deadly. (The original, less infectious strain that circulated through Asia may partially account for Asia’s early suppression success.) There was, and is, no realistic possibility of containment. From the outset, Harvard epidemiologist Marc Lipsitch predicted that 40 to 70 percent of the global population would be infected (possibly much lower; read on).3 Masks and social distancing can slow the spread. In so doing, they accomplish the original purpose of “flattening the curve:” to prevent hospitals from being overwhelmed. Unfortunately, many people got the message that through such efforts we could stop the pandemic in its tracks. That became impossible about six months ago. The overwhelming percentage of cases are now known to be mild or asymptomatic. According to Dr. Robert Redfield, director of the Centers for Disease Control, the true number of cases in the US is likely to be ten times higher than the number so far diagnosed.4

Much Worse Than the Common Flu, but Not as Deadly as Initially Believed

The infection fatality rate (IFR) is confirmed at a mean value between 0.5 to 0.8%. This is in the range initially predicted by internationally renowned researcher John Ioannidis in mid-March.5 By early June, the CDC offered as its best estimate 0.4%. On July 13, the CDC revised its estimate upward to 0.65%. However, there is not a single IFR but a range. The local death rate may be higher (Bergamo, Italy, possibly as high as 1.0%) or lower (Singapore, 0.05%) depending upon the age distribution of its victims.

Herd Immunity: Surrender, or Strategy?

The much-debated herd immunity—that point when so many have been infected that the disease can no longer spread—may kick in at much lower levels than popular wisdom asserts, and could be the best explanation for the dramatically declining cases in those states and nations with the highest per-capita infection and fatality rates.6 The widely circulated estimate that herd immunity requires a 60–70% infection rate is based on a simple formula with simplistic assumptions. The weakest of these assumptions is that all people are equally susceptible. Consider that there are four widely circulating coronaviruses that cause the common cold. There is reported evidence for pre-existing T-cell immunity to the SARS-Cov-2 virus in unexposed individuals, linked to at least two of the more benign (of the four) coronaviruses.7 The implication is that a large proportion of the population already has partial immunity that would never show up on antibody tests. One international team of researchers, including representatives of Oxford and the National Institutes of Health (NIH), projects that herd immunity could occur at levels as low as 20% after taking into account variations in individual susceptibility.8 (For a further explanation, see “A New Understanding of Herd Immunity,” The Atlantic, July 13, 2020.)

One highly significant observation is that several weeks after reopening in most of Western Europe, all-cause mortality has declined back to baseline (i.e., the death rate is exactly what it ought to be for this time of year). The data increasingly suggest that the Swedish approach (prohibit large gatherings, no closures or lockdown) has been equally effective with far less social and economic disruption. Swedish COVID fatalities have declined precipitously since a mid-April peak. (Their death rate could have and should have been much lower, but for a policy of malign neglect toward the elderly having nothing to do with the decision not to shut down). As of today, the per-capita fatality rate in Sweden remains lower than that in nine US states and the District of Columbia, all of which locked down.

Source: Worldometers.info/coronavirus/country/sweden

A Vaccine Is Not Inevitable

Every report, commentator, and column that speaks of a vaccine in terms of “when” or “until” is either naïve or disingenuous. Dr. Francis Collins, head of the NIH, stated in an interview that a vaccine has never been developed in less than three years.9 After 40 years, there is still no vaccine against HIV, and that is clearly not from lack of trying. Numerous recent studies have found that neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 may disappear after weeks or months.10 This, in turn, has led to additional anxiety over whether a vaccine is even possible.

The primary objective of containment measures has been to spread cases over time to prevent overload of health care systems. In light of that goal, it is legitimate to ask whether the measures really save lives or merely postpone the inevitable. It is mathematically possible that fewer people will get sick or die because of them, yet the long-term net reductions may be minimal. It also wouldn’t be fair to trivialize the benefit of dying six months later rather than now. Risk is an unavoidable fact of human existence. We’d save many more lives by the abolition of cigarettes, mandatory flu vaccines, confiscating all firearms, and raising the driving age to 21—but there’s no popular support for such measures.

Spiritual Dimensions

This crisis presents people of faith with an opportunity to witness in word and action. Followers of Christ can demonstrate maturity and grace in many ways:

  • By choosing courage and hope over fear in obedience to our Lord.
  • By sound, balanced thinking that avoids bizarre conspiracy theories on the one side, and excessive trust in the scientific community on the other. While the scientific community is generally successful at correcting errors in the long run, in the shorter run it can go wildly astray.
  • By assuming the role of peacemaker, rather than contributing to partisan polarization.By practicing humility rather than arrogance, allowing that even the most expert among us only partially understands this disease and no one knows the final outcome.
  • By showing patience to our neighbor without condemning them for their response, whether it be fear or denial.

May God guide your efforts as you serve as an ambassador to a confused, hurting world.

Endnotes
  1. Stephen Kissler et al., (2020), “Projecting the Transmission Dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 through the Postpandemic Period,” Science 368, no. 6493 (May 22, 2020): 860–68, doi:10.1126/science.abb5793.
  2. Kissler et al., 860–68.
  3. Marc Lipsitch cited in James Hamblin, “You’re Likely to Get the Coronavirus,” The Atlantic, February 24, 2020, https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2020/02/covid-vaccine/607000/.
  4. Robert Redfield cited in Erika Edwards, “CDC Says COVID-19 Cases in US May Be 10 Times Higher Than Reported,” NBC News, last updated June 26, 2020, https://www.nbcnews.com/health/health-news/cdc-says-covid-19-cases-u-s-may-be-10-n1232134.
  5. Gideon Meyerowitz-Katz and Lea Merone, “A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Published Research Data on COVID-19 Infection-Fatality Rates,” MedRxiv, Posted July 7, 2020 (preprint), doi:10.1101/2020.05.03.20089854.
  6. Jose Lourenco, Francesco Pinotti, and Sunetra Gupta, “The Impact of Host Resistance on Cumulative Mortality and the Threshold of Herd Immunity for SARS-CoV-2,” posted July 16, 2020 (pre-print), doi:https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.15.20154294.
  7. Ulrik Stervbo et al., “SARS-CoV-2 Reactive T cells in Uninfected Individuals Are Likely Expanded by Beta-Coronaviruses,” posted July 1, 2020 (pre-print), doi:10.1101/2020.07.01.182741.
  8. Gabriela M. Gomes et al., “Individual Variation in Susceptibility or Exposure to SARS-CoV-2 Lowers the Herd Immunity Threshold,” posted May 21, 2020 (pre-print), doi:10.1101/2020.04.27.20081893.
  9. “Francis Collins: Coronavirus Updates with NIH Director,” interview by Jim Stump, April 8, 2020, in Language of God, produced by BioLogos, podcast, 51:07, https://biologos.org/podcast-episodes/francis-collins-coronavirus-updates-with-nih-director/.
  10. Jeffrey Seow et al., “Longitudinal Evaluation and Decline of Antibody Responses in SARS-CoV-2 Infection,” posted July 11, 2020 (pre-print), doi:10.1101/2020.07.09.20148429.

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More Evidences for Biblical Claim of Unchanging Physics

BY HUGH ROSS – JUNE 22, 2020

One of the basic assumptions of physics is that the laws of physics are the same at all times and places throughout the universe. That constancy is foundational to the scientific method and is the basis for all scientific research. Recent advances are yielding an even stronger case for unchanging physical laws—a development that also supports the claim of ancient biblical texts.

Millennia before scientists established the principle of unchanging laws of physics, the Bible stated that the fundamental physics of the universe has not and does not change. For example, in Jeremiah 33 God declares that he is not like humans who seem to always change their minds. God offers an analogy. As he “established the fixed laws of heaven and earth” (Jeremiah 33:25) so, too, God’s nature and character attributes are fixed.

The constancy of the laws of physics that govern the universe and Earth, if scientifically established, would affirm the Bible’s reliability in describing the natural realm and in accurately predicting future scientific discoveries. It would also refute young-earth creationist models. Young-earth creationists acknowledge that if the laws of physics indeed are fixed throughout Earth’s history, Earth must be several billion years old.1 Hence, they posit that radical alterations in the laws of physics, by factors of millions or billions of times, occurred either when Adam first sinned or during Noah’s flood, or both.

I have written about the constancy of the laws of physics in previous blogs2 and in my book, A Matter of Days, 2nd edition.3 This threefold update on time variation constraints of the electron-to-proton mass ratio, the fine-structure constant, and the gravitational constant is necessarily technical. Not all readers will need the details. Feel free to skim the next three sections and pick up again at “Bible’s Reliability and Predictive Power.”

Constraints on Time Variation of the Electron-to-Proton Mass Ratio
Molecular spectroscopy is the preferred approach physicists have used to measure the stability of the ratio of the electron mass to the proton mass. The reason why is that molecular spectroscopy is model-free and assumption-free, in that it directly measures the stability of the inertial masses of the atomic nuclei.

In 2008, through a study comparing the absorption lines of SF6 (sulfur hexafluoride) with the hyperfine transition in cesium, a team led by Alexander Shelkovnikov showed that the temporal variation of the electron-to-proton mass ratio cannot be any larger than -3.8 ± 5.6 x 10-14 per year (a tiny number).4 Nine months ago, three Japanese physicists published a much superior test of the constancy of the electron-to-proton mass ratio. They synthesized ultracold (near absolute zero, -273°C or -460°F) potassium rubidium molecules from ultracold potassium and rubidium atoms. They then observed the microwave transition of photodissociated potassium rubidium molecules. By this means, they showed that the temporal variation of the electron-to-proton mass ratio cannot be any larger than 3.0 ± 10.0 (statistical) ± 1.6 (systematic) x 10-15 per year (smaller than the previous number by an order of magnitude).5

The new result establishes a stability for the electron-to-proton mass ratio that is six times more stringent than the previous best laboratory measurement. Furthermore, since the statistical error in their measurement is so much larger than possible systematic errors, the Japanese astronomers recognize an opportunity to develop an even more stringent test. They plan to repeat their experiment where the atoms and molecules are measured at sub-microkelvin temperatures (temperatures less than a millionth of a degree above absolute zero). By so doing, they hope to establish stability limits at the level of 10-17 to 10-18 per year (even more minuscule).

Other physicists have measured the stability of the electron-to-proton magnetic moment ratio. Their measures show that it does not vary by more than 2.0 ± 11.0 x 10-17 per year.6

From observations of spectral lines in distant quasars, astronomers can establish limits on the time variation of the electron-to-proton mass ratio, not over just a few years but over 12.9 billion years. A team of six astronomers led by S. A. Levshakov determined that variations in the electron-to-proton mass ratio over the past 12.9 billion years must be less than 1.6 x 10-17 per year.7 This determination currently ranks as the best measure of the constancy of the electron-to-proton mass ratio.

Constraints on Time Variation of the Fine-Structure Constant
In 2013, a team of five physicists led by Nathan Leefer measured the frequencies of two different transition spectral lines of atomic dysprosium over a two-year period. Their measured comparisons established that the fine-structure constant does not change by any more than 5.8 ± 6.9 x 10-17 per year.8

The astronomers led by Levshakov in their measurements of spectral lines in distant quasars showed that the fine-structure constant has not varied by more than 6.2 x 10-16 per year over the past 12.9 billion years.9 In a follow up paper, Levshakov and colleague M. G. Kozlov unveiled a new spectral line approach that will potentially yield a limit on fine-structure constant variations over the past 11 billion years down to 4.5 x 10-17 per year.10

Constraint of Time Variation of Gravitational Constant
One of the most challenging fundamental physics constants for establishing stringent limits on possible variations is Newton’s gravitational constant, G. However, thanks to the Apollo 9 astronauts placing a laser reflector on the Moon, the Lunar Laser Ranging experiment determined that over a 45-year period possible variations in G are limited to no more than 7.1 ± 7.6 x 10-14 per year.11 Astroseismic observations of the old, low-mass star KIC 7970740, published just six months ago, established that over the past 11 billion years variations of G have been constrained to 1.2 ± 2.9 x 10-12 per year.12 Helioseismic observations of the Sun by BiSON (Birmingham Solar Oscillations Network), published just six week ago, showed that over a period of 8,640 days (24 years) variations in G remained less than 5.2 x 10-14 per year for the most probable solar model and 17 x 10-14 for all solar models.13

Bible’s Reliability and Predictive Power
Observations by astronomers and experiments by physicists have validated, to an amazing degree of accuracy, the biblical statements about the fixed nature of the laws of physics. Bible authors made these statements more than two millennia before scientists had any capacity to affirm or deny their statements. This forecasting of scientific discoveries thousands of years in advance establishes that the One who inspired the Bible authors to write what they did is superhuman and super intelligent, knowing and understanding all things.

Even before astronomers and physicists confirmed that the Bible accurately describes the unchanging nature of the laws of physics, those biblical declarations reassured scientists during the Renaissance that, because of the unchanging nature of the laws of physics, studies of the natural realm could be trusted to reveal truth. It was this confidence in the realm of nature to reveal truth that gave birth to the scientific revolution. It is no coincidence that the birth of the scientific revolution occurred in Reformation Europe when people in all walks of life were encouraged to read the Bible for themselves for truth about God, nature, history, and humanity.

Lunar Laser Reflector placed on the Moon by Apollo Astronauts
Image credit: NASA

Endnotes
  1. Larry Vardiman, Andrew Snelling, and Eugene F. Chaffin, eds., Radioisotopes and the Age of the Earth: A Young-Earth Creationist Research Initiative, vol. 1 (El Cajon, CA: Institute for Creation Research, 2000): 42–44, 306–07, 312–13, 316–18, 334–37, 374.
  2. Hugh Ross, “Stronger and More Comprehensive Tests Affirm the Universe’s Unchanging Physics,” Today’s New Reason to Believe (blog), July 1, 2013, https://reasons.org/explore/publications/tnrtb/read/tnrtb/2013/07/02/stronger-and-more-comprehensive-tests-affirm-the-universe-s-unchanging-physics; Hugh Ross, “More Evidence for Constant Laws of Physics,” Today’s New Reason to Believe (blog), October 20, 2006, https://reasons.org/explore/blogs/todays-new-reason-to-believe/read/tnrtb/2006/10/28/more-evidence-for-constant-laws-of-physics.
  3. Hugh Ross, A Matter of Days, 2nd ed. (Covina, CA: RTB Press, 2015): 70, 184–85.
  4. Alexander Shelkovnikov et al., “Stability of the Proton-to-Electron Mass Ratio,” Physical Review Letters 100 (April 18, 2008): id. 150801, doi:1o.1103/PhysRevLett.100.150801.
  5. J. Kobayashi, A. Ogino, and S. Inouye, “Measurement of the Variation of Electron-to-Proton Mass Ratio Using Ultracold Molecules Produced from Laser-Cooled Atoms,” Nature Communications 10 (August 21, 2019): id. 3771, doi:10.1038/s41467-019-11761-1.
  6. R. M. Godun et al., “Frequency Ratio of Two Optical Clock Transitions in 171Yb+ and Constraints on the Time Variation of Fundamental Constants,” Physical Review Letters 113 (November 17, 2014), id. 210801, doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.113.210801.
  7. S. A. Levshakov et al., “An Upper Limit to the Variation in the Fundamental Constants at Redshift z = 5.2,” Astronomy & Astrophysics: Letters 540 (April 2012): id. L9, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201219042.
  8. Nathan Leefer et al., “New Limits on Variation of the Fine-Structure Constant Using Atomic Dysprosium,” Physical Review Letters 111, no. 6 (August 6, 2013): id. 060801, doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.060801.
  9. Levshakov et al., “An Upper Limit to the Variation.”
  10. S. A. Levshakov and M. G. Kozlov, “Fine-Structure Transitions as a Tool for Studying Variation of α at High Redshifts,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society: Letters 469, no. 1 (July 2017): L16–L19, doi:10.1093/mnras/slx049.
  11. F. Hofmann and J. Müller, “Relativistic Tests with Lunar Laser Ranging,” Classical and Quantum Gravity 35, no. 3 (January 8, 2018): id. 035015, doi:10.1088/1361-6382/aa8f7a.
  12. Earl Patrick Bellinger and Jørgen Christensen-Dalsgaard, “Astroseismic Constraints on the Cosmic-Time Variation of the Gravitational Constant from an Ancient Main-Sequence Star,” Astrophysical Journal Letters 887, no. 1 (December 10, 2019): id. L1, doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab43e7.
  13. Alfio Bonanno and Hans-Erich Fröhlich, “A New Helioseismic Constraint on a Cosmic-Time Variation of G,” Astrophysical Journal Letters 893, no. 2 (April 21, 2020): id. L35, doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ab86b9.

About Reasons to Believe

RTB’s mission is to spread the Christian Gospel by demonstrating that sound reason and scientific research—including the very latest discoveries—consistently support, rather than erode, confidence in the truth of the Bible and faith in the personal, transcendent God revealed in both Scripture and nature. Learn More »

Support Reasons to Believe

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Examples of the Bible’s Predictive Power

BY HUGH ROSS – JULY 17, 2020

Question of the week: You have said that the Bible is unique in that it possesses predictive power. Can you give a couple of examples?

My answer: There are hundreds of examples in the Bible where it predicts either future events in human affairs/civilization or it predicts future scientific discoveries. Most of these predictions have since been fulfilled. The Bible has never been proven wrong in its predictions.

The Book of Daniel gives many specific predictions about the rise and fall of future empires. For example, Daniel 8 records a vision Daniel received while in Babylon during the third year of King Belshazzar’s reign. The recorded interpretation of the vision that Daniel receives states that an alliance of Media (base of the Medes) and Persia will establish an empire that will replace the Babylonian empire and become much larger. Later, a powerful king from the west, in Greece, will conquer the Median-Persian empire. However, at the height of his power his empire will be divided into four kingdoms. History reveals that these events were fulfilled exactly as predicted in the Book of Daniel. Skeptics of the Bible do not deny any of this but try to claim that Daniel was written in the fifth or sixth century AD and not during the sixth century BC reign of the Babylonian king, Belshazzar. However, the words and style of writing in Daniel 8 are the same as that of sixth century Babylonian literature and radically different from fifth or sixth century AD literature. Furthermore, portions of the Book of Daniel appear in the Dead Sea Scrolls and all of Daniel is present in the Septuagint, affirming that the Book of Daniel must predate the second century BC by several centuries.

An example of the Bible correctly predicting future scientific discoveries are its repeated statements about the fundamental features of big bang cosmology. Different Bible authors state that the universe has a beginning, that it expands from its cosmic beginning, that the physical laws governing the universe have not changed, and that one of those laws is a pervasive law of ongoing decay. I and Old Testament scholar John Rea cite the Bible passages and provide an exposition of them in the context of the word definitions and grammar of the original languages in this article.1

Another example of the Bible correctly predicting future scientific discoveries is the stated order and description of creation events in Genesis 1. I have written an entire book documenting the Bible’s predictive power in describing future scientific discoveries in the first few chapters of Genesis. That book is Navigating Genesis.2 Anyone can get a free chapter of the book at reasons.org/ross. I also have since written two blogs, here and here, describing new scientific discoveries that provide additional evidence for the Bible’s predictive success in describing future scientific discoveries.3

Years ago, I debated the religion editor for Skeptic magazine, Tim Callahan, on the subject, Does the Bible Have Predictive Powers? You can listen to an unabridged recording of the debate here: https://shop.reasons.org/product/566/does-the-bible-have-predictive-powers-downloadable-mp3.

Endnotes
  1. Hugh Ross and John Rea, “Big Bang—the Bible Taught It First!” Facts for Faith, quarter 3, 2000: 26–32, https://reasons.org/explore/publications/facts-for-faith/read/facts-for-faith/2000/07/01/big-bang-the-bible-taught-it-first!
  2. Hugh Ross, Navigating Genesis (Covina, CA: RTB Press, 2014), https://shop.reasons.org/product/279/navigating-genesis.
  3. Hugh Ross, “Rapid Landmass Emergence Affirms Creation Day 3,” Today’s New Reason To Believe (blog), June 11, 2018, https://reasons.org/explore/blogs/todays-new-reason-to-believe/read/todays-new-reason-to-believe/2018/06/11/rapid-landmass-emergence-affirms-creation-day-3; Hugh Ross, “Hazy Early Earth: More Affirmation of Creation Day 4,” Today’s New Reason To Believe (blog), June 18, 2018, https://reasons.org/explore/blogs/todays-new-reason-to-believe/read/todays-new-reason-to-believe/2018/06/18/hazy-early-earth-more-affirmation-of-creation-day-4.

About Reasons to Believe

RTB’s mission is to spread the Christian Gospel by demonstrating that sound reason and scientific research—including the very latest discoveries—consistently support, rather than erode, confidence in the truth of the Bible and faith in the personal, transcendent God revealed in both Scripture and nature. Learn More »

Support Reasons to Believe

Your support helps more people find Christ through sharing how the latest scientific discoveries affirm our faith in the God of the Bible.

DONATE NOW


U.S. Mailing Address
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Covina, CA 91724
  • P (855) 732-7667
  • P (626) 335-1480
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Reasons to Believe logo

Reasons to Believe is a nonprofit organization designated as tax-exempt under Section 501(c)3 by the Internal Revenue Service. Donations are tax-deductible to the full extent of the law. Our tax ID is #33-0168048. All Transactions on our Web site are safe and secure.

Copyright 2020. Reasons to Believe. All rights reserved. Use of this website constitutes acceptance of our Privacy Policy.

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The Importance of Building a Relationship with God among Different Cultures

I experienced many different cultures and beliefs growing up in Hong Kong, the city where “East meets West.” These experiences included three different religious schools in which I studied Buddhism and Catholicism during my elementary school years and Islam during my high school years.1 I respected the imams, gurus, priests, and nuns who devoted their lives to education in these religious schools, but what they taught me about God was vague and confused, particularly when it came to having a personal relationship with him. That’s what I needed—a personal relationship—and what I think many science-minded people long for as well.

Religion without Relationship

Where I lived, a high volume of people visited the temples of Eastern religions. However, their religious practice was usually due to obligation and tradition. If people had experienced past blessings or expected blessings in the future, they needed to offer some kind of devotion to God. There were no personal relationships with God other than the teaching, regulations, laws, virtues, and moral standards I was told to follow.

The traditional religion my parents taught me did not help me to know God. My understanding of God at that time was not about a relationship with a divine being or divine beings, but rather was restricted to participation in religious activities and traditions. I tried to communicate with God through memorized prayers, but I didn’t know if anyone was listening. Any healthy relationship needs mutual communication and understanding. Without communication and true knowledge of God, I could not build a personal relationship with him.

Questions about the Universe’s Beginning

Confucian philosophy and Chinese tradition values education highly, so I pursued science to gain wisdom. The scientific knowledge I explored mostly emphasized evolution theory over creation. Thus, I became an atheist and believed that science was the final truth of life. To me, there seemed to be no need to have a relationship with any God. I thought it was superstitious to believe in something intangible that I could not verify scientifically or experience in the real world. I grew to love science and physics. The more knowledge I gained about the laws of physics, the more I worked to advance science and technology. However, tension mounted. There are so many mysteries in this universe that science cannot explain. Was there an intelligent designer that created the wonderful heavens and Earth? If there was a God responsible for these mysteries, how could I communicate and build a relationship with God so that I might know him? I wished that I could understand the beginning of this world through science alone.

Turning Point

I came to the United States in 1981 to study physics, which I hoped would help me understand the mysteries of life. During winter break of that year, I visited my cousin in Toronto, Canada, who had become a Christian since I last saw him. He shared the Christian gospel with me and brought me to his church. I saw that my cousin had changed from a self-centered, uncaring person before he came to Christ to a more caring and sincere person since then. That week with him became the turning point of my journey to a new life. My heart opened, and I wanted to read the Bible. While studying the Scriptures, God seemed to inspire me personally. I met Jesus Christ and knew that he was real, and I accepted him as my Savior and Lord. I found the hope I was missing. It was a life-changing experience.

Helping the Science-Minded

Many people see science and biblical faith as contradictory. However, I have found that this misunderstanding comes from a superficial knowledge of their relationship. The Bible is full of scientific details, such as the creation of the universe and Earth in Genesis, the description of nature and the stars in Job, and many more. At least five biblical writers describe an expanding universe2 that are in agreement with the verifiable “big bang theory” regarding the beginning of the universe. Investigating these records through both science and theology led me to strongly believe that science and nature are in harmony with the creation accounts revealed in the Bible.

Scientific advance shows that there is design behind creation, such as the fine-tuning of the universe and DNA in cells, that scientists can explore, discover, and verify. Most scientific discoveries are communicated through words, pictures, and equations to show others the data that science reveals. Similarly, God the Creator made the universe to reflect his glory and wisdom and to communicate it to mankind.3

An Amazing Relationship

The more I study the Bible and science, the more I appreciate the wisdom behind them both. Of course, the most important revelation from the Bible is what it says about its author: his attributes, what he wills, and how people can be reconciled to him. Verses like this one mean so much to me now and I hope to explain why to others: “No one has ever seen God, but the one and only Son, who is himself God and is in closest relationship with the Father, has made him known” (John 1:18).

Human beings desire to build relationships with other people, animals, and things. Whether science-minded people admit it or not, they also yearn for a personal relationship with their Creator. To build a deep relationship that will last, we need the Living Word (Jesus, the Son of God). He is the model, life example, and guide who helps us develop genuine knowledge of God because he is both God and man. The triune God, one God with three members,4 exemplifies the closest and most loving relationship possible as the Father, Son, and Spirit. And since this triune God, our Creator, already possesses the attribute of relationship, humans can enjoy a relationship with God. That’s what I hope—and I hope you do too—to share with my scientist friends who yearn for understanding and relationship.

One of the passages that now fascinates and inspires me—as a scientist and a Christian—to build an intimate relationship with God are these Bible verses: “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. He was with God in the beginning. Through him all things were made; without him nothing was made that has been made. In him was life, and that life was the light of all mankind” (John 1:1-4). May God’s light also shine into your heart so that you can build an eternal relationship with him!

Endnotes
  1. Alan Tai, A Physicist’s Perspective on God: Roadmaps to Wisdom Through Science and Life (Maltland, FL: Xulon Press, 2020); these topics have an expanded discussion in my book.
  2. Job 9:8; Psalm 104:2; Isaiah 40:22; 42:5; 44:24; 45:12; 48:13; 51:13; Jeremiah 10:12; 51:15; and Zechariah 12:1; RTB 101, “Big Bang,” Reasons to Believe, https://reasons.org/explore/publications/rtb-101/big-bang
  3. Jason Wilson, “Integration of Faith and Mathematics from the Perspectives of Truth, Beauty, and Goodness,” Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith, vol. 67, no.2 (June 2015).
  4. Hugh Ross, “God and Time Theories,” Today’s New Reason to Believe (blog), September, 2019, https://reasons.org/explore/blogs/todays-new-reason-to-believe/read/todays-new-reason-to-believe/2019/09/02/god-and-time-theories.

About Reasons to Believe

RTB’s mission is to spread the Christian Gospel by demonstrating that sound reason and scientific research—including the very latest discoveries—consistently support, rather than erode, confidence in the truth of the Bible and faith in the personal, transcendent God revealed in both Scripture and nature. Learn More »

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Ethical Concerns with AI: Deepfakes

BY JEFF ZWEERINK – JULY 3, 2020

How would you respond to video footage of Richard Dawkins professing faith in Christ? Or one about Hugh Ross advocating for young-Earth creationism? Either situation would be shocking and the confusion would grow when deeper investigation reveals it was a misquote or deceptive editing. Welcome to the world of deepfakes. What can we do to minimize harm?

What Are Deepfakes?

According to Merriam-Webster, a deepfake is “an image or recording that has been convincingly altered and manipulated to misrepresent someone as doing or saying something that was not actually done or said.” Scientifically, deepfakes are video content produced from the battle between two artificial intelligence (AI) combatants known as generative adversarial networks (GAN). One side, the generative network, generates video imagery using neural networks. The other side, the discriminative network, analyzes the video imagery to determine its realism.

The generative network maps the facial features and movements of the fake target into a complex roadmap (although “roadmap” oversimplifies the concept). Then it uses this roadmap to compile the new video with the target’s face. The discriminative network then looks for flaws or defects in the resulting video that would identify the video as fake. The analysis by the discriminative network is propagated back to the generative network, allowing it to produce more realistic fake videos.

How Realistic Are Deepfakes?

A quick search of the internet produces many examples of deepfake videos (be careful, many deepfakes are not innocent and wholesome). Currently, most deepfakes are easy to spot due to odd mannerisms or movements, but the basic process used by GANs will inevitably lead to better and better fakes. As the generative network makes increasingly realistic videos, the discriminative network must grow more adept at finding defects. However, any process developed for identifying defects will be incorporated into the generator, resulting in even more realistic videos. It’s not a matter of if, but when, the technology will advance to the point where the human consumer cannot spot a fake video.

How Should We Respond?

If seeing is believing, deepfakes throw a monkey wrench into our ability to discern the truth. But good tools exist to help us. Three passages from the Bible provide helpful guidance in pursuing truth.

1. James 1:19–20: My dear brothers and sisters, take note of this: Everyone should be quick to listen, slow to speak and slow to become angry, because human anger does not produce the righteousness that God desires. Before speaking (or believing) something, whether it supports or attacks your position, take time to listen to what really happened. Applying this principle provides you time to dig for the truth.

2. Proverbs 18:17: In a lawsuit the first to speak seems right, until someone comes forward and cross-examines. When digesting information in any form, but especially video, take time to hear what “the other side” has to say. Hearing both sides often allows you to actually hear the truth. Personally, this approach has been tremendously helpful for discerning the truth in challenging situations.

3. Matthew 7:12: In everything, therefore, treat people the same way you want them to treat you, for this is the Law and the Prophets. Would you want your name smeared because of a fake video? Of course not! Then let’s make sure we don’t do the same. This others-oriented mindset gives you the opportunity to care for others. It ensures we love someone enough to understand the truth. And, if we find the truth warrants it, treating others respectfully enables us to give judgment with justice.

Nothing New under the Sun

For some practical steps, verify everything before posting on social media. Find reliable sources of information—particularly if those sources share your viewpoint. And, if social or mainstream media sources continue to provide unreliable information, quit listening to them.

The author of Ecclesiastes states, there is nothing new under the sun. Technology is morally neutral; human agents who use it are not. Just as Photoshop made us evaluate photographs more carefully, so deepfakes require better discernment with video. Christians are called to relentlessly pursue the truth and to hold those who distort it accountable.

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What Is the First Prophecy of the Coming of the Messiah in the Bible?

BY HUGH ROSS – JULY 10, 2020

Question of the week: What is the first direct prophecy of the coming of the Messiah in the Bible?

My answer: The first direct prophecy is by Moses in one of his last sermons. It is recorded in Deuteronomy 18:15–19:

The Lord your God will raise up for you a prophet like me from among you, from your fellow Israelites. You must listen to him. For this is what you asked of the Lord your God at Horeb on the day of the assembly when you said, “Let us not hear the voice of the Lord our God nor see this great fire anymore, or we will die.” The Lord said to me: “What they say is good. I will raise up for them a prophet like you from among their fellow Israelites, and I will put my words in his mouth. He will tell them everything I command him. I myself will call to account anyone who does not listen to my words that the prophet speaks in my name.

That God will provide a Redeemer appears hundreds of years earlier in the oldest book in the Bible. Job declares to his three friends:

  • “I will wait for my renewal to come. You will call and I will answer you; you will long for the creature your hands have made. Surely then you will count my steps but not keep track of my sin. My offenses will be sealed up in a bag; you will cover over my sin” (Job 14:14–17).
  • “Even now my witness is in heaven; my Advocate is on high. My Intercessor is my friend as my eyes pour out tears to God; on behalf of a man he pleads with God as one pleads for a friend” (Job 16:19–21).
  • “Give me, O God, the pledge you demand. Who else will put up security for me?” (Job 17:3)
  • “I know that my Redeemer lives, and that in the end he will stand on the earth. And after my skin has been destroyed, yet in my flesh I will see God; I myself will see him with my own eyes—I, and not another. How my heart yearns within me!” (Job 19:25–27)

Arguably the first direct prophecy to the coming of the Messiah came from God in the Garden of Eden when he spoke to Satan after Satan tempted Eve: “I will put enmity between you and the woman, and between your offspring and hers; he will crush your head, and you will strike his heel” (Genesis 3:15).

About Reasons to Believe

RTB’s mission is to spread the Christian Gospel by demonstrating that sound reason and scientific research—including the very latest discoveries—consistently support, rather than erode, confidence in the truth of the Bible and faith in the personal, transcendent God revealed in both Scripture and nature. Learn More »

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How Does Islam Differ from Christianity?

BY KENNETH R. SAMPLES – JUNE 23, 2020

According to Pew Research, if current trends continue then by 2050 there will be nine billion people living on the planet. Approximately three billion will be Christians, three billion will be Muslims, and three billion others will represent various beliefs (both religious and secular).1

Since Christianity and Islam are the two largest (comprising about 55% of the world’s population2) religions in the world people often wonder where they disagree and how significant the differences are. A brief look at six doctrinal contrasts will help address this question.

First, it is important to note that Islam shares common ground with historic Christianity. For example, both religions are:

  • theistic in philosophical orientation
  • monotheistic in doctrinal belief
  • Middle Eastern in origin
  • biblically oriented Abrahamic faiths (they connect to the Hebrew Bible or Old Testament)

However, the differences between the two religions are profound. Since Islam emerged about six centuries after Christianity, we’ll outline how Islam reacts to essential Christian truth claims. As you’ll see, traditional Islam denies the essence of historic Christianity.

Six Systematic Doctrinal Denials

  1. Islam denies the Trinity (i.e., tri-unity: One God in three persons). Muslims instead affirm a form of unitarianism where Allah is a single, solitary being (tawhid) with no partners, equals, rivals, or companions. Allah is not begotten nor does he beget; therefore, he has no son.
  2. Islam denies the incarnation (i.e., Jesus Christ was God in human flesh: a single person with both a divine and human nature). In contrast, Muslims assert that Jesus was a mere human being. Yet Islam does concur that Jesus was virgin-born, performed miracles, and lived a sinless life.
  3. Islam denies the crucifixion (i.e., Jesus’s atoning death on the cross). Muslims instead declare that Jesus either didn’t actually die on the cross (though he may have been impaled) or that someone else took Jesus’s place on the cross. But either way, Islam is not a redemptive religion.
  4. Islam denies the imago Dei (i.e., human beings bear God’s image). In contrast, Muslims affirm that such an image would put creatures too close to Allah (the heresy known as “shirk”). Thus in Islamic theology, human beings are not made in Allah’s image.
  5. Islam denies original sin (i.e., that human beings are born with a sinful nature and a natural propensity to sin). Instead, Muslims assert that people are born morally good. So Islam rejects the Christian doctrine of the fall.
  6. Islam denies salvation by grace (i.e., that human beings are reconciled to God by God’s unmerited favor apart from works). In contrast, Muslims proclaim that personal submission is required to earn paradise. So both paradise (reward) and divine wrath (punishment) are earned.

Both Can’t Be True

While we live in a time that prizes religious pluralism, nevertheless the laws of logic are stubborn things. Given these six systematic doctrinal denials it follows logically that if Islam is true, then Christianity is patently false and vice versa, for Islam denies the very essence of Christian doctrinal truth claims.

Reflections: Your Turn

Why do you think Islam and Christianity are such popular religions? Visit Reflections on WordPress to comment with your response.

Resources

Endnotes
  1. Pew Research Center, “The Future of World Religions: Population Growth Projections, 2010-2050, April 2, 2015,” https://www.pewforum.org/2015/04/02/religious-projections-2010-2050/.
  2. Wikipedia, s.v., “List of Religious Populations,” updated May 28, 2020, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_religious_populations.

About Reasons to Believe

RTB’s mission is to spread the Christian Gospel by demonstrating that sound reason and scientific research—including the very latest discoveries—consistently support, rather than erode, confidence in the truth of the Bible and faith in the personal, transcendent God revealed in both Scripture and nature. Learn More »

Support Reasons to Believe

Your support helps more people find Christ through sharing how the latest scientific discoveries affirm our faith in the God of the Bible.

DONATE NOW


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  • P (626) 335-1480
  • Fax (626) 852-0178

Reasons to Believe logo

Reasons to Believe is a nonprofit organization designated as tax-exempt under Section 501(c)3 by the Internal Revenue Service. Donations are tax-deductible to the full extent of the law. Our tax ID is #33-0168048. All Transactions on our Web site are safe and secure.

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How Do We Know the Bible Is 100% Accurate?

BY HUGH ROSS – JULY 3, 2020

Question of the week: The Bible is a great book that has many important lessons in it but how can we be 100% certain that EVERYTHING in it is truly accurate and totally represents the Word of God? There could be parts of the Bible that don’t hold water. The only information in the Bible that I know of that came directly from God himself were the Ten Commandments as God wrote these on two stone tablets which he gave to Moses. The rest of the information in the Bible came from other people that God somehow allegedly communicated with. Also, the words that Jesus spoke were communicated to us via other people years after Jesus said them. The only other time when God may have communicated with us directly is when Jesus was baptized but I’m not certain.

My answer: I have yet to find a provable error or contradiction in the Bible, except when Satan or humans are being quoted. That is certainly not the case for the other holy books that undergird the world’s predominant religions. Furthermore, the Bible has demonstrated unique predictive power. It predicted future historical events and future scientific discoveries specifically, frequently, and accurately. The Holy Spirit inspired the human Bible authors to write what God intended. 1 Peter 1:10–12 and 2 Peter 3:15–16 indicate that Bible authors understood that they were inspired by the Holy Spirit and longed to understand all that the Holy Spirit had inspired them to write. Jesus himself declared that the Scriptures were inerrant in John 10:35 when he said, “Scripture cannot be broken.” Years ago, I debated the religion editor for Skeptic magazine, Tim Callahan, on the subject, “Does the Bible Have Predictive Powers?” You can listen to a recording of the debate here: https://shop.reasons.org/product/566/does-the-bible-have-predictive-powers-downloadable-mp3.

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Why Would a Loving God Punish Us?

BY STEPHEN MCANDREW – MARCH 27, 2020

By Stephen McAndrew

When I was five years old, Postman Pat was my favorite TV show. So, when I misbehaved my punishment included missing the show. I suffered, as only a five-year-old can, knowing that my siblings were watching while I was banished to my room.

Punishment involves suffering, be it big or small. Humans intuitively recognize that it is wrong to inflict suffering on someone, thus it follows that it is wrong to punish someone. So, why would an all-loving, all-good God make someone suffer by punishing them? Why would God send some people to suffer in hell as punishment?

 

Responsibility and Punishment

To address these questions, we will consider free will and how society rewards or punishes choices people make. In human society, we generally accept that it is morally justified to punish criminal behavior. When society punishes someone for committing a crime, it holds that person responsible for a free choice made. Likewise, when society praises someone for making a commendable choice, it holds that person responsible for praiseworthy behavior.

When society punishes a criminal, they are blaming that person appropriately for freely choosing to commit the crime. None of this is to say that there are not cases in the criminal justice system where we find that someone who committed a criminal act should not be held responsible because they suffer from a cognitive limitation. In these cases, we hold that the individual was not responsible for the act as they did not fully understand their actions.

Are We Humans or Animals?

Nevertheless, respecting free choice treats people as individuals who are rational and capable of exercising moral judgment. Yet some, like philosopher and political activist Bertrand Russell, have argued that we should not punish criminals, but treat their criminal actions as symptoms of a disease.1 These groups often advocate for what they believe are more “compassionate” treatments. But a world that absolves criminals of responsibility for those crimes would be highly problematic. Christian writer and intellectual C. S. Lewis wrote:

To be “cured” against one’s will and cured of states which we may not regard as disease is to be put on a level with those who have not yet reached the age of reason…and domestic animals. But to be punished, however severely, because we have deserved it, because we “ought to have known better,” is to be treated as a human person made in God’s image.2

I agree with Lewis. If we don’t punish people for wrong actions they chose to do, then we are really treating them like animals. Animals are not morally responsible for their actions. If my dog relieves himself on the carpet, I work to train my dog not to do that in the future. However, if a person commits a crime, we do not merely train them not to do it again. They cannot be trained, like an animal, not to do certain things; rather they must freely choose not to do those things in the future. We cannot override their free will through training. And most people have a deep sense that it is inappropriate to treat a person in the same way we would treat an animal.

Philosopher Herbert Morris pointed out further problems with no-punishment treatments. He argued that a world that treats criminals as suffering from a disease would permit preventive detention before any offense is committed, if someone is believed to have dangerous tendencies. He wrote:

In the punishment system, because we are dealing with deprivations, it is understandable that we should forbear from imposing them until we are quite sure of guilt. In the therapy system, dealing as it does with benefits, there is less reason for forbearance from treatment at an early stage.3

It would also not allow offenders to pay back their debt to society. If you did not earn a punishment, then how can you earn back the respect of society? Morris wrote:

Infliction of the prescribed punishment carries the implication…that one has “paid one’s debt” to society, for the punishment is the taking from the person of something commonly recognized as valuable…What is clear is that the conceptions of “paying a debt” or “having a debt forgiven” or pardoning have no place in a system of therapy.4

Respect and Mercy

Punishment respects our free choices and respects us as persons capable of making moral decisions. If God holds us responsible for our moral actions, then he treats us like rational people who are responsible for our choices. In punishing those who do wrong God is not being unfair or mean, but is treating us with respect. This is the same way the criminal justice system, when properly applied, respects offenders as persons by punishing them rather than treating their offenses as something they had no control over.

The good news is that God extends mercy—even though we deserve divine punishment due to our free choices to do moral wrongs. This is not to say that God takes our moral wrongs lightly and dismisses them easily. Rather, Jesus took the punishment that we deserved by suffering and dying in our place. His righteousness (moral goodness) is imputed to us if we choose to follow and obey Him. Moreover, as Morris and Lewis pointed out, mercy only makes sense if someone deserves to be punished and punishment is not carried out. Lewis wrote: “If crime is only a disease which needs cure, not sin which deserves punishment, it cannot be pardoned. How can you pardon a man for having a humboil or a club foot?”5 Therefore, in order to be merciful, God must hold us responsible, and mercy is clearly an exercise of a loving God.6

 

Endnotes
  1. Bertrand Russell, Proposed Roads to Freedom (New York: Henry Holt and Company, 1919), 125.
  2. S. Lewis, “The Humanitarian Theory of Punishment,” in God in the Dock: Essays on Theology and Ethics, ed. Walter Hooper (Grand Rapids: William B. Eerdmans, 2014), 287–301.
  3. Herbert Morris, “Persons and Punishment,” The Monist 52, no. 4 (October 1, 1968): 475–501, https://doi.org/10.5840/monist196852436.
  4. Herbert Morris, “Persons and Punishment,” 484.
  5. Lewis, “Punishment,” 294.
  6. This is not to say that those to whom God extends mercy will not suffer in life, as suffering can develop character (Romans 5:5). Rather, believers in Christ will not suffer the eternal punishment they deserve for sin.

About Reasons to Believe

RTB’s mission is to spread the Christian Gospel by demonstrating that sound reason and scientific research—including the very latest discoveries—consistently support, rather than erode, confidence in the truth of the Bible and faith in the personal, transcendent God revealed in both Scripture and nature. Learn More »

Support Reasons to Believe

Your support helps more people find Christ through sharing how the latest scientific discoveries affirm our faith in the God of the Bible.

DONATE NOW


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Bringing Hope to the COVID–19 Days Ahead

BY ANJEANETTE ROBERTS – APRIL 9, 2020

With everyone’s life disrupted, I find I am having many conversations with worried colleagues, friends, and family. One friend even got me to do a video interview with her to share with her coworkers and friends. She said she felt selfish having access to a SARS virologist amid a full-blown pandemic.

I want to share some reflections that I hope will encourage you and that you’ll pass on to your friends and coworkers, too.

Here’s my COVID-19 advice for daily life: Love boldly. Serve wisely. Think clearly. Pray always. Let’s work our way through these, backwards.

Pray

It’s always good to start with prayer, which includes gratitude. I have heard and read many good things for which I’m thankful: many health care professionals, reporters, scientists, and civic and religious leaders are focused on our current public health needs and are taking positive action. Join me in giving thanks for these women and men, and let’s pray daily for those who:

  • Serve others
  • Treat the sick, and
  • Work to mitigate the risk

Let’s also pray for God’s healing for the sick, comfort for the fearful, strength for caregivers and pastors, and mercy for the dying. Let’s pray that the pandemic would be abated as quickly as possible, even miraculously so, and that all of us will do what we can.

Think

We can all be proactive, adding to our prayers, actions in compliance with public health guidelines at local, state, and national levels. Precautionary behavior will help mitigate the risk and spread. It will alleviate burden on the health care system and stress on health care workers. We must think of how our choices impact the lives of our health care workers.

We can also choose to fight a culture of fear, uncertainty, selfishness, and any temptation to assign blame. All of these are easy to find in the public dialogue. As Christians, we can bring a message of compassion, hope, and mercy that will resonate deeply in contrast to the negative voices. We can look to Scripture and the lives of other Christians who have faced great adversity to find comfort as this disease crosses our homelands. Such a tact will help alleviate fear, especially when the disease is fueled by endless COVID-19 information and misinformation.

As I face a constant cascade of COVID-19 information, I’m posting frequently to Facebook and Twitter. (It’s faster and easier than blogging.) In one of my own favorite tweets, I addressed prayer and action, tweeting: “Let’s all be Lutherans this year,” and included a link to my former professor’s blog. He shared Martin Luther’s advice, made during the time of the bubonic plague:

I shall ask God mercifully to protect us. Then I shall fumigate, help purify the air, administer medicine and take it. I shall avoid places and persons where my presence is not needed in order not to become contaminated and thus perchance inflict and pollute others and so cause their death as a result of my negligence. If God should wish to take me, he will surely find me and I have done what he has expected of me and so I am not responsible for either my own death or the death of others. If my neighbor needs me however I shall not avoid place or person but will go freely as stated above. See this is such a God-fearing faith because it is neither brash nor foolhardy and does not tempt God.1

Serve

Other helpful advice comes from a Christian pastor, advisor, and friend. He and his wife sent a letter to each of their neighbors offering to help if they found they couldn’t get out for trips to the grocery store or to pick up prescriptions. They offered to be available for outdoor, physically distanced conversations, especially if their respective experiences in pastoral care and as a nurse practitioner could be helpful. They also extended an invitation to neighbors by offering the trails on their country property for leisurely walks anytime someone found themselves going stir crazy. These are simple, practical gestures that demonstrate care and open up possibilities for future relationships. This couple provided their email and physical addresses along with contact phone numbers. They’ve already seen some neighbors respond!

We can also serve by doing particularly practical things. Consider these three:

  • Contribute to food banks which may be depleted due to scarcity of goods in some stores.
  • Contribute to blood banks which are always in need of donations, and even more so when many who are sick can’t donate.
  • Don’t spread misinformation.

I would strongly encourage us to make the most of the days ahead for the sake of the kingdom and our neighbors’ and friends’ deepest welfare. As I’ve encouraged others to listen to and follow public health policy guidelines, I’m sometimes left with the unexpressed impression that others are thinking, “Okay, maybe . . . but I’ve never had to follow public health advice before. Maybe others should. I’ve been fine.” Well, maybe we have been fine even when disregarding public health advice before, but none of us has ever been in a pandemic before. And we all are now. We’re all in this together.

Maybe you’ve heard (or repeated) some things that aren’t true or won’t work at this point in time:

  • We know who’s most vulnerable; just isolate them and we’ll all be fine.
  • The very young and young, healthy adults are not at risk.
  • I don’t feel sick, so I’m good to go.

We know now that none of these are true. We can’t always tell if someone falls into the vulnerable category of comorbidity (having underlying disease). Many young people have become seriously ill, required ventilation, and have even died. A handful of infants have died too. Estimates of asymptomatic cases range from 50–80% and are one reason widespread serological testing is needed and should be welcomed when available. We can’t rely on misinformation to guide our actions and choices.

One other item of misinformation that I tackled on social media and in private messaging this past week involves the conspiracy theories that unfortunately always arise. One rumor claims that SARS-CoV-2 is a human construct or a lab accident gone awry. It’s not true. Others have published data to discount these theories. I couldn’t agree more with one fellow virologist, Tom Gallagher’s comment:

Suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 is a purposely manipulated laboratory virus or a product of an accidental laboratory release would be utterly defenseless, truly unhelpful, and extremely inappropriate.2

Love

Last week I finished watching Picard, the new CBS Star Trek series. It is quintessential storytelling with a strong transhumanist message in the final episode. Part of that message includes Picard’s ultimate wisdom that he shares with Soji, an advanced synthetic life-form (a la Data, the famous, self-aware android from Star Trek’s Next Generation series). Picard says that life’s purpose is that we are to save one another. It’s a deeply human message in the midst of the current pandemic, even if it reflects bad theology when left to itself. Nevertheless, your actions can save others’ lives, physically, in the days ahead. And your actions, prayers, and witness can also point others to the ultimate meaning and purpose in life: reconciliation with God, redemption and new life in Jesus, and eternal life—a transhumanist spin with flair!

Final Thoughts

A favorite meme making the rounds on social media shows an empty church and these words, “The church is not empty. The church is deployed.” In light of that, may I echo the words of one preacher from First Baptist Church in Dallas, interviewed on the news this past week. Now’s the time for Christians to act; to the church deployed: “be fearless, not stupid.”

#LoveBoldy #ServeWisely #ThinkClearly #PrayAlways

Resources

Endnotes
  1. Martin Luther in a letter to Rev. Dr. John Hess, found in Luther’s Works, Volume 43 (Minneapolis: Fortress Press, 1968), 132.
  2. Matt Field, “Experts Know the New Coronavirus Is Not a Bioweapon. They Disagree on Whether It Could Have Leaked from a Research Lab,” Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, March 30, 2020, https://thebulletin.org/2020/03/experts-know-the-new-coronavirus-is-not-a-bioweapon-they-disagree-on-whether-it-could-have-leaked-from-a-research-lab/.

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